MuscleTables
MuscleTables
Table1-1
MUSCLE
PROXIMAL
ATTACHMENT
(ORIGIN)
DISTAL
ATTACHMENT
(INSERTION)
INNERVATION
MAIN ACTIONS
BLOOD SUPPLY
MUSCLE
GROUP
Auricularis anterior
Temporal fascia,
epicranial
aponeurosis
Anterior part of
medial
surface of
helix of ear
Posterior auricular
and temporal
branches of
facial nerve
Elevates and draws
ear forward
Auricular branch of
posterior auricular
artery, parietal
branch of superficial
temporal artery
External ear
Auricularis posterior
Base of mastoid
process
Lower part of
cranial
surface of
auricle
Posterior auricular
and temporal
branches of
facial nerve
Retracts and
elevates ear
Auricular branch of
posterior auricular
artery, parietal
branch of superficial
temporal artery
External ear
Auricularis superior
Temporal fascia,
epicranial
aponeurosis
Upper part of
medial
surface of
auricle
Posterior auricular
and temporal
branches of
facial nerve
Retracts and
elevates ear
Auricular branch of
posterior auricular
artery, parietal
branch of superficial
temporal artery
External ear
Buccinator
Posterior portion of
alveolar process
of maxilla and
mandible opposite
sockets of molar
teeth, anterior
border of
pterygomandibular
raphe
Angle of mouth
Buccal branches
of facial nerve
Compresses cheeks,
expels air
between lips,
aids in
mastication
Muscular branches of
facial artery, buccal
branch of maxillary
artery
Facial expression
Ciliary
Corneoscleral junction
Ciliary body
Parasympathetic
fibers via
short ciliary
nerves (CN III)
Constricts ciliary
body and lens
rounds up
(accommodation)
Ophthalmic artery
Intrinsic eye
Corrugator supercilii
Medial part of
supra-orbital margin
Skin of medial
half of
eyebrow
Zygomatic and
temporal
branches of
facial nerve
Draws eyebrows
downward and
medially,
produces
wrinkles in
frowning
Zygomatic and anterior
branches of
superficial temporal
artery
Facial expression
Cricothyroid
Anterior cricoid cartilage
Inferior border of
thyroid
cartilage and
its inferior
horn
External branch of
superior
laryngeal
nerve
Lengthens and
tenses vocal
ligaments
Superior and inferior
thyroid arteries
Laryngeal
Depressor anguli oris
Continuous with
platysma on oblique
line of mandible
Angle of mouth
into
orbicularis
and skin
Mandibular and
buccal
branches of
facial nerve
Depresses angle of
mouth
Inferior labial branch of
facial artery
Facial expression
Depressor labii
inferioris
Lateral surface of
mandible between
symphysis and
mental foramen
deep to depressor
anguli oris
Skin to lower lip,
mingling with
orbicularis
oris, medial
fibers joining
those of
opposite side
Mandibular and
buccal
branches of
facial nerve
Depresses lower lip
and draws it
lateralward
Inferior labial branch of
facial artery
Facial expression
Depressor septi nasi
Incisive fossa of maxilla
Septum and
posterior part
of ala of nose
Zygomatic and
buccal
branches of
facial nerve
Narrows nostril,
draws septum
downward
Superior labial branch of
facial artery
Facial expression
Digastric
Anterior belly:
digastric
fossa of mandible
Posterior belly
: mastoid
notch of temporal
bone
Intermediate
tendon
attached to
body of hyoid
Anterior belly:
nerve to
mylohyoid
Posterior belly:
facial nerve
Raises hyoid bone
and base of
tongue, steadies
hyoid bone,
opens mouth by
lowering
mandible
Anterior belly
: branches
of submental artery
Posterior belly:
muscular
branches of
posterior auricular
artery, muscular
branches of
occipital artery
Suprahyoid
Dilator pupillae
Radial fibers in iris
Blends with
sphincter
pupillae fibers
Sympathetic
fibers from
SCG
Dilates pupil
Ophthalmic artery
Intrinsic eye
Frontal belly of
occipitofrontalis
Epicranial aponeurosis
at level of coronal
suture
Skin of frontal
region,
epicranial
aponeurosis
Temporal
branches of
facial nerve
Wrinkles forehead
skin, raises
eyebrows
Frontal branch of
superficial temporal
artery
Facial expression
Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.
